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To obtain the most useful fractions of a whole protein, they can undergo industrial processing. The objective is to obtain better assimilation, better efficiency or simply to obtain isolated amino acids which are more beneficial than others.
READ MOREFollowing this processing, certain terms can emerge: total protein, protein isolate, protein concentrate, protein hydrolysate, peptides or pure amino acids...
A protein is a molecule made up of a long chain of amino acids (more than 100). Here, we find the essential and non-essential amino acids.
Essential amino acids are essential to the body and must be provided through diet.
Non-essential amino acids can be manufactured by the body.
When a protein comprises less than 100 amino acids, it’s called a polypeptide, and when there are less than 10 amino acids, we call them peptides.
During digestion, the proteins are cut up to become peptides that can be assimilated by dedicated transporters. Amino acids themselves don’t have specific transporters to be absorbed, which is why they will be assimilated much less quickly than peptides. So it’s not recommended to consume amino acids on their own.
A protein concentrate comes from a technique called ultrafiltration. This technique, when performed cold, does not denature the protein because the milk is not heated. This method consists of using membranes containing microscopic holes to retain the proteins and let the rest, ie water, sugars, fats and minerals, pass through.
The protein powder obtained by this technique contains around 80% protein.
The protein powder obtained by this technique contains around 90% protein.
This technique starts from a protein concentrate or isolate that will undergo hydrolysis, which amounts to digesting the protein chemically to allow the protein to be assimilated very quickly. Thus, casein hydrolysate is comparable to whey hydrolysate in terms of speed of digestion.
The drawback with this technique is the bitter taste that results.
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